Logical Fallacy Overview & No True Scotsman, and Exorcism in the Catholic Church

Recorded on 12 May 2019: Topics Critical Thinking: Cognitive Biases & Errors: Fallacy: No True Scotsman and Exorcism in the Catholic Church

Segment 1: Logical Fallacy Overview & No True Scotsman

Critical Thinking

Critical thinking is the process of analyzing and evaluating truth claims that is grounded in logically valid arguments, sound reasoning, appropriate standards of evidence, and a pragmatic understanding of cognitive errors and biases; and the ability to apply these to the systematic analysis of problems in order to obtain credible solutions.

  • Reasoning & Arguments
    Recognizing and evaluating arguments, which are composed of a set of premises and conclusions; Deductive vs Inductive vx Abductive reasoning, prepositional logic, valid arguments, sound arguments, formal and informal fallacies, hidden or unstated premises, etc.

    • E08: Deductive, Inductive, and Abductive Reasoning
  • Evidence
    Evidence is that which justifies belief, or what is reasonable for one to believe. Consideration of evidence includes the nature of evidence, evidence criteria, evaluating sources and context, relevance to the argument, degree of support for the argument, etc.

    • E05: Evaluating Resources and Identification of Trusted Resources
  • Cognitive Biases & Errors
    Cognitive biases are tendencies to think in certain ways that can lead to systematic deviations from a standard of rationality or good judgment. Examples include decision-making, belief, and behavioral biases such as Backfire Effect, Confirmation Bias, Dunning-Kreuger Effect, Pareidolia, Stereotyping, etc; social biases such as Authority Biase, In-Group Bias, Just-World Hypothesis; memory errors and biases such as False Memory, Hind-Sight Bias, Suggestibility, etc.; and psychological effects such as the Placebo Effect, McGurk Effect, inattentional blindness, etc

    • E15: Logical Fallacy Overview & Fallacies: No True Scotsman
  • Problem Solving
    The ability to apply reasoning & arguments, the appropriate evaluation of facts and evidence, and the pragmatic understanding of cognitive errors and biases to the systematic analysis of problems in order to obtain credible solutions

    • E03: Unsolvable Exam Question

Segment 2: Exorcism in the Catholic Church

Recorded on 29 Apr 2018: Topics include Apu Nahasapeemapetilon — The Controversey; Government vs God? People Are Less Religious When Government is Bigger, Research Says; and 911 No Call List And Religious Freedom

Apu Nahasapeemapetilon — The Controversey

Government vs. God? People are less religious when government is bigger, research says

911 No Call List And Religious Freedom